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RAG That Actually Works: Chunking, Retrieval and Evaluation in Practice

Why most retrieval-augmented generation demos fail in production, and the four decisions that fix them.

MasterClass Buddy Editorial

Engineering editorial team · 9 min read ·

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Learning Objectives & Key Takeaways

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What you will learn
  1. Answer quality is decided at retrieval time, not by the prompt.
  2. Chunk by meaning (headings, paragraphs), not by fixed character counts.
  3. Measure retrieval and answers separately with a small labelled set.

The demo works, production does not

Retrieval-augmented generation looks simple: embed your documents, find the closest chunks to a question, paste them into the prompt. The demo answers ten questions perfectly. Then real users ask the eleventh, and the model confidently answers from the wrong page.

Almost every RAG failure is a retrieval failure. If the right passage never reaches the model, no prompt can rescue the answer.

In the rest of this story
  1. Chunking and metadata
  2. Hybrid retrieval with a re-rank
  3. Evaluate before you tune
1 code example · 9 min read in full
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MasterClass Buddy Editorial

Engineering editorial team. Contributing deep-dive engineering architectures, cloud paradigms, and system design insights to Master Class Buddy.