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Word power

People & culture vocabulary

Words for people & culture, each with its meaning in English and Hindi, how to say it, a sentence that shows it in use, and what to say instead or the opposite.

Words
30

meritocracy

/mer-i-TOK-ruh-see/

A system in which advancement depends on demonstrated ability.

योग्यतातंत्र; योग्यता के आधार पर चलने वाली व्यवस्था

“A meritocracy needs transparent criteria, not just a stated intention.”

Synonyms: merit-based system, achievement culture, open competition, ability-based order

Antonyms: nepotism, cronyism, favouritism, oligarchy

nepotism

/NEP-uh-tiz-uhm/

Favouring relatives or friends in appointments.

भाई-भतीजावाद; अपनों को अनुचित लाभ देना

“Hiring the founder cousin without a panel invited claims of nepotism.”

Synonyms: favouritism, cronyism, partiality, patronage

Antonyms: meritocracy, impartiality, fairness, open competition

camaraderie

/kah-muh-RAH-duh-ree/

Mutual trust and friendship among people who work together.

भाईचारा; साथ काम करने वालों की आत्मीयता

“The camaraderie built during the migration outlasted the project.”

Synonyms: fellowship, solidarity, comradeship, esprit de corps

Antonyms: animosity, estrangement, rivalry, discord

morale

/muh-RAL/

The confidence and enthusiasm of a group.

मनोबल; काम करने का भीतरी उत्साह

“Morale recovered the week we finally shipped something visible.”

Synonyms: spirit, confidence, motivation, esprit de corps

Antonyms: demoralization, despondency, apathy, disillusionment

retention

/ri-TEN-shuhn/

The ability to keep employees or customers over time.

प्रतिधारण; बनाए रखने की क्षमता

“Retention improved once managers were measured on it directly.”

Synonyms: holding on, keeping, continuance, staying power

Antonyms: attrition, turnover, churn, departure

onboarding

/ON-bor-ding/

The process of integrating a new joiner into an organisation.

प्रवेश-प्रक्रिया; नए सदस्य को व्यवस्था से जोड़ना

“Good onboarding pays for itself in the first month of output.”

Synonyms: induction, orientation, integration, assimilation

Antonyms: offboarding, dismissal, exit, separation

inclusive

/in-KLOO-siv/

Designed so that everyone can participate fully.

समावेशी; सबको साथ लेकर चलने वाला

“An inclusive meeting culture means the quietest person is asked directly.”

Synonyms: welcoming, all-embracing, egalitarian, accessible

Antonyms: exclusive, discriminatory, exclusionary, elitist

egalitarian

/ih-gal-i-TAIR-ee-uhn/

Based on the principle that all people are equal.

समतावादी; सबको बराबर मानने वाला

“The egalitarian seating plan did nothing about who actually spoke.”

Synonyms: equal, democratic, level, non-hierarchical

Antonyms: hierarchical, elitist, inequitable, stratified

elitist

/ih-LEE-tist/

Favouring a select group as inherently superior.

कुलीनतावादी; चुनिंदा वर्ग को श्रेष्ठ मानने वाला

“An elitist hiring bar that only names five universities is a filter, not a standard.”

Synonyms: snobbish, exclusive, supercilious, privileged

Antonyms: egalitarian, inclusive, populist, democratic

disenfranchised

/dis-in-FRAN-chyzd/

Deprived of a voice, right or power.

अधिकारवंचित; मताधिकार या हक़ से वंचित

“Contractors felt disenfranchised because they were left out of planning.”

Synonyms: marginalised, excluded, voiceless, powerless

Antonyms: empowered, enfranchised, represented, included

marginalize

/MAR-juh-nuh-lyz/

To push a person or group to the edge of influence.

हाशिए पर धकेलना; महत्वहीन बना देना

“Scheduling every decision meeting at dawn will marginalize half the team.”

Synonyms: sideline, exclude, belittle, disempower

Antonyms: include, empower, centre, elevate

altruistic

/al-troo-IS-tik/

Motivated by concern for others rather than self-interest.

परोपकारी; दूसरों के हित को अपने से ऊपर रखने वाला

“Volunteering for the unglamorous migration was a genuinely altruistic act.”

Synonyms: selfless, philanthropic, benevolent, charitable

Antonyms: selfish, egotistical, self-serving, mercenary

mercenary

/MUR-suh-ner-ee/

Motivated chiefly by money rather than principle.

धनलोलुप; केवल पैसे के लिए काम करने वाला

“A purely mercenary partner will leave the moment margins tighten.”

Synonyms: venal, money-driven, grasping, avaricious

Antonyms: altruistic, idealistic, selfless, principled

empathetic

/em-puh-THET-ik/

Able to understand and share another person feelings.

समानुभूतिशील; दूसरे की अनुभूति को भीतर से समझने वाला

“An empathetic manager hears the workload complaint behind the missed date.”

Synonyms: compassionate, understanding, sensitive, sympathetic

Antonyms: indifferent, callous, unfeeling, detached

callous

/KAL-uhs/

Insensitive to the suffering or difficulty of others.

संवेदनहीन; दूसरों के दुख से अप्रभावित

“Announcing layoffs by calendar invite struck everyone as callous.”

Synonyms: unfeeling, hard-hearted, insensitive, indifferent

Antonyms: compassionate, empathetic, tender, caring

gregarious

/gri-GAIR-ee-uhs/

Enjoying and seeking the company of others.

मिलनसार; लोगों के बीच रहना पसंद करने वाला

“Our most gregarious engineer became the accidental onboarding buddy.”

Synonyms: sociable, outgoing, convivial, companionable

Antonyms: reclusive, solitary, introverted, antisocial

reclusive

/ri-KLOO-siv/

Avoiding the company of other people.

एकांतप्रिय; लोगों से कटकर रहने वाला

“A reclusive specialist needs written channels, not more meetings.”

Synonyms: withdrawn, solitary, secluded, retiring

Antonyms: gregarious, sociable, outgoing, convivial

conformity

/kuhn-FOR-mi-tee/

Behaviour that matches prevailing rules or expectations.

अनुरूपता; प्रचलित ढर्रे के अनुसार चलना

“Rewarding conformity quietly drives out the people who notice problems.”

Synonyms: compliance, orthodoxy, uniformity, conventionality

Antonyms: nonconformity, individuality, rebellion, deviation

nonconformist

/non-kuhn-FOR-mist/

A person who refuses to follow accepted convention.

अनुरूपता-विरोधी; प्रचलित ढर्रे से हटकर चलने वाला

“Every strong team keeps at least one nonconformist who asks why.”

Synonyms: maverick, dissenter, individualist, freethinker

Antonyms: conformist, traditionalist, follower, loyalist

iconoclast

/eye-KON-uh-klast/

Someone who attacks cherished beliefs or institutions.

परंपरा-भंजक; स्थापित मान्यताओं पर प्रहार करने वाला

“The new CTO is an iconoclast about process, which terrifies the PMO.”

Synonyms: maverick, dissenter, radical, rebel

Antonyms: traditionalist, conformist, conservative, loyalist

affinity

/uh-FIN-i-tee/

A natural liking for or connection with something.

सहज लगाव; स्वाभाविक आकर्षण या समानता

“She has an affinity for untangling legacy data nobody else will touch.”

Synonyms: rapport, kinship, liking, attraction

Antonyms: aversion, antipathy, dislike, repulsion

antipathy

/an-TIP-uh-thee/

A deep-seated feeling of dislike.

विद्वेष; गहरी स्वाभाविक अरुचि

“There is real antipathy between the two teams, and it shows in reviews.”

Synonyms: aversion, hostility, dislike, animosity

Antonyms: affinity, fondness, sympathy, attraction

equitable

/EK-wi-tuh-buhl/

Fair and impartial in how people are treated.

न्यायसंगत; सबके प्रति उचित और निष्पक्ष

“An equitable bonus formula survives scrutiny; a discretionary one rarely does.”

Synonyms: fair, just, impartial, even-handed

Antonyms: inequitable, unfair, biased, discriminatory

arbitrary

/AR-bi-trer-ee/

Decided by personal whim rather than reason or rule.

मनमाना; नियम के बजाय इच्छा पर आधारित

“An arbitrary headcount freeze does more damage than a stated principle.”

Synonyms: capricious, random, whimsical, unreasoned

Antonyms: reasoned, systematic, principled, consistent

capricious

/kuh-PRISH-uhs/

Liable to sudden, unpredictable changes of mind.

मनमौजी; बिना कारण बदलते मिज़ाज वाला

“A capricious sponsor turns every plan into a two-week plan.”

Synonyms: unpredictable, fickle, mercurial, volatile

Antonyms: steady, consistent, dependable, constant

tenacious

/tuh-NAY-shuhs/

Holding firmly to a purpose despite difficulty.

दृढ़ग्राही; पकड़ न छोड़ने वाला

“Her tenacious follow-up finally got the vendor to admit the defect.”

Synonyms: persistent, dogged, determined, resolute

Antonyms: irresolute, yielding, half-hearted, faltering

apathetic

/ap-uh-THET-ik/

Showing no interest, enthusiasm or concern.

उदासीन; जिसमें कोई रुचि या भाव न हो

“Survey response fell because people are apathetic about surveys that change nothing.”

Synonyms: indifferent, unmotivated, listless, disengaged

Antonyms: passionate, engaged, enthusiastic, motivated

disengaged

/dis-in-GAYJD/

Emotionally or practically uninvolved in the work.

विरक्त; जुड़ाव और रुचि से कटा हुआ

“A disengaged reviewer approves everything, which is worse than blocking.”

Synonyms: detached, uninvolved, withdrawn, indifferent

Antonyms: engaged, invested, committed, involved

convivial

/kuhn-VIV-ee-uhl/

Friendly and lively in atmosphere.

उत्सवप्रिय; मिलनसार और आनंदमय

“The convivial offsite did more for cross-team trust than the workshop.”

Synonyms: festive, sociable, cheerful, genial

Antonyms: dour, sombre, unsociable, gloomy

dour

/DOOR/

Severe, stern and joyless in manner.

कठोर और उदास; रूखे स्वभाव का

“A dour all-hands after a good quarter confuses more than it motivates.”

Synonyms: stern, gloomy, austere, forbidding

Antonyms: cheerful, genial, convivial, warm

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