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Word power

Writing & presentations vocabulary

Words for writing & presentations, each with its meaning in English and Hindi, how to say it, a sentence that shows it in use, and what to say instead or the opposite.

Words
30

lucid

/LOO-sid/

Clear and easy to understand on a first reading.

सुस्पष्ट; साफ़ और तर्कसंगत

“A lucid one-page brief beats a brilliant forty-slide deck.”

Synonyms: clear, intelligible, transparent, comprehensible

Antonyms: obscure, confusing, opaque, muddled

opaque

/oh-PAYK/

Hard to understand because meaning is hidden or dense.

अपारदर्शी; जिसके आर-पार न देखा जा सके

“The metrics definition is so opaque that two teams report it differently.”

Synonyms: obscure, impenetrable, unclear, cryptic

Antonyms: transparent, lucid, clear, intelligible

cohesion

/koh-HEE-zhuhn/

The quality that makes parts of a text hang together.

संसक्ति; भागों का आपस में जुड़े रहना

“The report lacked cohesion because three people wrote it separately.”

Synonyms: unity, connectedness, integration, flow

Antonyms: fragmentation, disjointedness, incoherence, disunity

digression

/dy-GRESH-uhn/

A temporary departure from the main subject.

विषयांतर; मूल बात से भटकाव

“Cut the digression about tooling; it belongs in a separate memo.”

Synonyms: tangent, aside, deviation, detour

Antonyms: focus, main thread, directness, core argument

preamble

/PREE-am-buhl/

An introductory statement that sets up what follows.

प्रस्तावना; मुख्य बात से पहले की भूमिका

“Skip the preamble and open with the decision you need.”

Synonyms: introduction, prologue, preface, lead-in

Antonyms: conclusion, epilogue, postscript, summation

epilogue

/EP-i-lawg/

A closing section that reflects on what came before.

उपसंहार; अंत में जोड़ा गया समापन कथन

“The epilogue of the case study is where the real lesson sits.”

Synonyms: afterword, postscript, conclusion, coda

Antonyms: prologue, preamble, introduction, preface

abridge

/uh-BRIJ/

To shorten a text while keeping its substance.

संक्षिप्त करना; मूल भाव रखते हुए छोटा करना

“We abridge the technical annex for the board version of the report.”

Synonyms: shorten, condense, truncate, abbreviate

Antonyms: expand, extend, amplify, elaborate

elaborate

/ih-LAB-uh-rayt/

To develop a point with further detail.

विस्तार से बताना; ब्यौरेवार समझाना

“Could you elaborate on the rollback plan in the appendix?”

Synonyms: expand on, amplify, expound, detail

Antonyms: abridge, summarize, condense, simplify

substantiate

/suhb-STAN-shee-ayt/

To support a claim with evidence.

प्रमाणित करना; साक्ष्य से पुष्ट करना

“Every number in the deck should substantiate the recommendation.”

Synonyms: corroborate, verify, prove, authenticate

Antonyms: refute, disprove, contradict, undermine

refute

/ri-FYOOT/

To prove a statement or claim to be wrong.

खंडन करना; प्रमाण से गलत सिद्ध करना

“One clean experiment can refute a quarter of confident opinion.”

Synonyms: disprove, rebut, contradict, debunk

Antonyms: confirm, corroborate, substantiate, prove

corroborate

/kuh-ROB-uh-rayt/

To confirm a finding with independent evidence.

पुष्टि करना; अन्य प्रमाण से समर्थन देना

“Two separate logs corroborate the timeline in the incident report.”

Synonyms: confirm, verify, support, validate

Antonyms: contradict, refute, undermine, disprove

superfluous

/soo-PUR-floo-uhs/

Beyond what is needed or useful.

अनावश्यक; आवश्यकता से अधिक और व्यर्थ

“Half the appendix is superfluous once the summary states the numbers.”

Synonyms: unnecessary, redundant, surplus, gratuitous

Antonyms: essential, necessary, vital, indispensable

pertinent

/PUR-ti-nuhnt/

Directly relevant to the matter at hand.

समीचीन; विषय से सीधे जुड़ा और उपयुक्त

“Keep only the pertinent screenshots; the rest can live in the ticket.”

Synonyms: relevant, apposite, germane, applicable

Antonyms: irrelevant, immaterial, extraneous, unrelated

extraneous

/ik-STRAY-nee-uhs/

Coming from outside and not belonging to the subject.

बाह्य और असंगत; विषय से बाहर का

“Strip the extraneous background so the recommendation stands out.”

Synonyms: irrelevant, unrelated, external, incidental

Antonyms: relevant, pertinent, intrinsic, germane

germane

/jur-MAYN/

Closely and usefully connected to the topic.

प्रासंगिक; विषय से सीधे जुड़ा

“That precedent is germane, so put it in the body, not a footnote.”

Synonyms: relevant, pertinent, apposite, applicable

Antonyms: irrelevant, immaterial, extraneous, unconnected

nuance

/NOO-ahns/

A subtle distinction that changes the meaning.

सूक्ष्म भेद; अर्थ या भाव की बारीक छटा

“The nuance between deprecated and unsupported matters to customers.”

Synonyms: subtlety, shade, fine distinction, gradation

Antonyms: crudeness, bluntness, oversimplification, generalisation

emphatic

/em-FAT-ik/

Expressed with forceful, unmistakable conviction.

बलपूर्वक कहा गया; दृढ़ और ज़ोरदार

“Be emphatic about the risk; hedged language reads as optional.”

Synonyms: forceful, insistent, unequivocal, categorical

Antonyms: tentative, hesitant, equivocal, half-hearted

understated

/uhn-dur-STAY-tid/

Presented with deliberate restraint rather than emphasis.

संयत-अल्पकथित; बिना अतिशयोक्ति के प्रस्तुत

“The understated chart landed harder than the animated one.”

Synonyms: restrained, subtle, low-key, muted

Antonyms: exaggerated, flamboyant, overstated, ostentatious

overstate

/oh-vur-STAYT/

To describe something as greater than it really is.

बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर कहना; वास्तविकता से अधिक बताना

“Do not overstate the pilot results; the sample was twelve accounts.”

Synonyms: exaggerate, inflate, embellish, magnify

Antonyms: understate, downplay, minimize, temper

embellish

/em-BEL-ish/

To add decorative or exaggerated detail.

अलंकृत करना; सजाकर और रोचक बना देना

“Resist the urge to embellish a case study that is strong already.”

Synonyms: adorn, exaggerate, ornament, garnish

Antonyms: simplify, strip back, understate, pare down

anecdotal

/an-ik-DOH-tuhl/

Based on personal accounts rather than systematic evidence.

किस्सों पर आधारित; व्यवस्थित प्रमाण के बजाय सुनी बातों पर टिका

“The support complaints are anecdotal until we tag and count them.”

Synonyms: informal, unscientific, hearsay-based, illustrative

Antonyms: empirical, statistical, verified, systematic

empirical

/em-PIR-i-kuhl/

Derived from observation and measurement rather than theory.

अनुभवजन्य; प्रेक्षण और प्रयोग पर आधारित

“We need empirical latency data before rewriting the cache layer.”

Synonyms: observed, evidence-based, experimental, verifiable

Antonyms: theoretical, speculative, anecdotal, conjectural

conjecture

/kuhn-JEK-chur/

An opinion formed without complete evidence.

अनुमान; प्रमाण के बिना लगाया गया कयास

“Everything after the third slide is conjecture dressed as forecast.”

Synonyms: speculation, supposition, guess, hypothesis

Antonyms: certainty, fact, proof, evidence

salient

/SAY-lee-uhnt/

Most noticeable or important in a body of detail.

उभरा हुआ प्रमुख; सबसे ध्यान खींचने वाला

“Lead with the salient finding; the method can follow it.”

Synonyms: prominent, conspicuous, notable, striking

Antonyms: insignificant, obscure, minor, unremarkable

legible

/LEJ-uh-buhl/

Clear enough to be read without difficulty.

सुपाठ्य; जिसे पढ़ा जा सके

“A legible axis label matters more than a clever colour scheme.”

Synonyms: readable, clear, decipherable, distinct

Antonyms: illegible, indecipherable, unreadable, scrawled

annotate

/AN-uh-tayt/

To add explanatory notes to a document or diagram.

टिप्पणी जोड़ना; व्याख्या के लिए नोट लिखना

“Annotate the architecture diagram so newcomers can read it alone.”

Synonyms: gloss, comment on, mark up, footnote

Antonyms: erase, strip, expunge, leave bare

summarize

/SUHM-uh-ryz/

To state the main points briefly.

सारांश देना; मुख्य बातें संक्षेप में कहना

“Summarize the decision in two sentences at the top of the page.”

Synonyms: condense, recap, encapsulate, distil

Antonyms: elaborate, expand, detail, expound

compelling

/kuhm-PEL-ing/

So interesting or convincing that attention is held.

बाध्यकारी रूप से प्रभावी; ध्यान खींच लेने वाला

“A compelling narrative turns a list of features into a reason to buy.”

Synonyms: gripping, persuasive, riveting, forceful

Antonyms: dull, unconvincing, tedious, insipid

insipid

/in-SIP-id/

Lacking interest, flavour or force.

नीरस; स्वाद और रोचकता से रहित

“The insipid tagline could belong to any company in the category.”

Synonyms: bland, dull, vapid, uninspiring

Antonyms: vivid, engaging, compelling, stimulating

structured

/STRUHK-churd/

Organised according to a deliberate, visible plan.

सुसंरचित; क्रमबद्ध ढाँचे में बँधा

“A structured agenda is the difference between a meeting and a chat.”

Synonyms: organised, systematic, ordered, methodical

Antonyms: haphazard, disorganised, chaotic, random

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